一例原发性肝癌大熊猫的病理学观察

观察一例因原发性肝癌致多器官功能障碍而死亡的大熊猫全身的病理形态学变化,探讨大熊猫肝细胞癌的病理特征。大熊猫“盼盼”年龄31岁,雄性,于2016年12月28日死亡。对其进行系统解剖,取肝脏、胰腺、胃、十二指肠、结肠、直肠、心脏、肺脏、肾脏、膀胱、脾脏、甲状腺、颌下腺、肠系膜淋巴结、颌下淋巴结、睾丸、肛周皮肤组织、前肢肌、后肢肌,以及全身肿块组织进行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色。尸检发现,其腹腔积液,肝脏表面结节性增生,直肠后端可见大量出血点,脾脏下半段肿大,肛周皮肤散在小结节,右阴囊皮肤内侧散在结节,并且其右侧腋下、肝脏左叶、膈肌、腹膜及肠系膜上均可见明显肿块。HE结果显示,肝脏组织可见多灶性脓肿,细胞坏死,肝细胞呈多角形,呈腺样、鹅卵石样结构排列,细胞异型增生,核质比增大,致细胞密度增加。肾组织中可见异型性细胞团块。心脏、肺脏、胰腺、十二指肠、直肠、脾脏、膀胱、甲状腺、肠系膜淋巴结、颌下淋巴结、睾丸、肛周皮肤组织、前后肢肌均出现了病理损伤。结果提示,该大熊猫疑似由于原发性肝癌大面积迅速邻近转移,导致多器官出现功能障碍甚至衰竭而死亡。

Pathological observation of a giant panda with primary liver cancer

The aim of this study was to observe the pathological lesions of multiple organs from giant pandas died of multiple organ dysfunction caused by primary liver cancer, and to explore the pathological features of giant panda hepatocellular carcinoma. The giant panda “Panpan” was 31 years old, male, died on December 28, 2016. After systemic anatomy, the liver, pancreas, stomach, duodenum, colon, rectum, heart, lung, kidney, bladder, spleen, thyroid, submandibular gland, mesenteric lymph node, submandibular lymph node, testis, perianal skin tissue, forelimb muscle, hind limb muscle and whole body tumor tissue were took for hematoxylineosin (HE) staining. Ascites, nodular hyperplasia of the liver surface, a large number of bleeding points in the distal rectum, part of the splenomegaly, scattered small nodules in the perianal skin, scattered nodules in the skin inside the right scrotum were found, and the tumors in its right armpit, left lobe of the liver, diaphragm, peritoneum and mesentery in autopsy could be seen clearly. HE staining results showed that multifocal abscesses were observed in the liver tissue, a part of hepatocytes were necrotic and polygonal, hepatocytes arranged in adenoid and pebble-like structure, cells were dysplasia, the ratio of nuclear to cytoplasm and cell density increased, atypical cell clumps were observed in renal tissue. Heart, lung, pancreas, duodenum, rectum, spleen, bladder, thyroid, mesenteric lymph nodes, submandibular lymph nodes, testis, perianal skin, forelimb muscle and hind limb muscle all had pathological damage. The results suggested that the giant panda died due to multiple organ dysfunction or even failure, which was suspected to be a large area of primary liver cancer caused by the rapid transfer of the adjacent.