宁夏春小麦种质资源Wx基因分子鉴定及其分布

为明确宁夏春小麦种质资源Waxy基因的分布情况,利用 Wx-A1、 Wx-B1和 Wx-D1位点的6个STS标记(PA1、PA2、PB1、PB2、PD1、PD2),对299个宁夏春小麦种质资源进行等位变异检测。结果表明,供试小麦种质的Waxy基因组成以野生型(Wx-A1a/ Wx-B1a/ Wx-D1a)为主,占参试材料总数的88.3%。在 Wx-A1、 Wx-B1和 Wx-D1基因位点上,发现 Wx-A1b、 Wx-B1b和 Wx-D1b突变型材料分别有2、32和2个,分别占材料总数的0.7%、10.7%和0.7%;其中,有1个材料为 Wx-A1b/ Wx-B1b突变型,占材料总数的0.3%。宁夏春小麦种质资源中 Wx-B1基因缺失类型的分布频率相对较高,在新品种和高代品系中该类型逐步增加。该研究有助于了解宁夏优质面粉小麦品种的生产现状,为该区和我国其他相关春麦区优质面条小麦的选育奠定基础。

Molecular Identification and Distribution of Wx Genes in Ningxia Spring Wheat Germplasm Resources

In order to clarify the distribution of Waxy genes in Ningxia spring wheat germplasm resources,six STS markers(PA1,PA2,PB1,PB2,PD1 and PD2) at Wx-A1,Wx-B1 and Wx-D1 loci were used to detect the presence and absence of three Waxy proteins in 299 Ningxia spring wheat germplasm. The results showed that waxy gene composition of wheat germplasm tested was dominated by the wild type(Wx-A1a/ Wx-B1a/ Wx-D1a),accounting for 88.3%. At the Wx-A1, Wx-B1 and Wx-D1 loci,varieties with Wx-A1b,Wx-B1b and Wx-D1b genotype are 2,32 and 2,accounting for 0.7%,10.7% and 0.7%,respectively.There is one variety with Wx-A1b/ Wx-B1b genotype,accounting for 0.3%.The frequency of Wx-B1 gene null type is relatively high in Ningxia spring wheat germplasm resources,and is gradually increasing in new varieties and high generation lines with progress of wheat quality breeding. These results will contribute to understand the status of high-quality noodle wheat in Ningxia and other relevant spring wheat regions.