儋州蝗虫生态分布与危害调查

为进一步研究蝗虫的生物学特性,为农业生产中蝗害的有效防治提供基础资料和参考,同时丰富海南生物多样性资料库,笔者调查了儋州各地不同植被类型和作物种植地带蝗虫种类的分布与危害情况。共采集鉴定儋州蝗虫种类41种,分别属于27属,5科。其中,未曾报道的种类有8种,曾有报道但本次未调查到的有8种;统计已有报道的,儋州地区共有蝗虫种类49种,分别属于6个科,32个属。疣蝗Trilophidia annulata(Thunb.)、威廉剑角蝗Acrida willemsei Dirsh、短额负蝗Atractomorpha sinensis I.Bolivar、隆叉小车蝗Oedaleusabruptus(Thunberg)和花胫绿纹蝗Aiolopus tamulus(Fabricius)分布范围比较广,几乎可以分布在各种生境和植被类型,终年可见。成灾蝗虫主要有东亚飞蝗Locusta migratoria manilensis(Meyen)、异歧蔗蝗Hieroglyphus tonkinensis I.Bolivar和棉蝗Chondracris rosea rosea(De Geer),危害作物有甘蔗、竹子、芒果及沿海防护林等。

Distribution and Damage of Grasshoppers in Danzhou

In order to further study their biological characters and provide reference for their control,the grasshoppers' distribution and their damages were investigated in different vegetation types and crop belts in Danzhou,Hainan Province.This investigation would also enrich the biodiversity data of Hainan.In this investigation,40 grasshopper species belonging to 27 genus and 5 families were identified.Among them,8 species had not been reported and 8 had been reported but not collected in this investigation.There are 49 grasshopper species that belong to 32 genus and 6 families in Danzhou.Widespread are 5 species,Trilophidia annulata(Thunberg),Acrida willemsei Dirsh,Atractomorpha sinensis I.Bolivar,Oedaleus abruptus(Thunberg) and Aiolopus tamulus(Fabricus),and they almost distributed in all the habitats and vegetation types all the year round.Locusta migratoria manilensis(Meyen),Hieroglyphus tonkinensis I.Bolivar and Chondracris rosea rosea(De Geer) were agriculturally important species that can damage sugarcane,bamboo,mango and coastal protection forest.