黄腐酸对土壤养分、葡萄品质和产量的影响

【目的】 研究黄腐酸在葡萄上应用效果及最佳施用量,为黄腐酸肥在郑艳无核葡萄上合理应用提供理论参考。【方法】 以4年生的郑艳无核葡萄为试材,黄腐酸施用量分别为0、2.5、5、 11、 33和100 g/株,分别于葡萄开花期、幼果期、着色期和果实膨大期根际施入。【结果】 与未施黄腐酸的处理相比,施黄腐酸可显著提高土壤的有机质、硝态氮、铵态氮、速效磷、速效钾含量;提高葡萄的L^*值、色泽指数、糖酸比、VC含量、提高果实硬度和葡萄产量。6种施黄腐酸处理中以施33 g/株(0.33 g/L)黄腐酸对提高土壤养分、葡萄果实品质、葡萄产量的效果最为显著。【结论】 施用黄腐酸肥能明显提高土壤养分,提高葡萄品质,增加葡萄产量。33 g/株(0.33 g/L)为黄腐酸推荐用量。

Effects of Fulvic Acid on Soil Nutrients,Grape Quality and Yield

【Objective】 To explore the effect of fulvic acid on grape and its optimum application rate. 【Methods】 Four-year-old 'Zhengyan Seedless' grape was taken as a test material, 0, 2.5, 5, 11, 33 and 100 g/plant fulvic acid were applied to the rhizosphere of grape at flowering stage, young fruit stage, coloring stage and fruit enlargement stage. 【Results】 The content of organic matter, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in soil was significantly increased by applying fulvic acid compared with that without fulvic acid application, which increased the L^* value, color index, sugar-acid ratio, VC content, fruit hardness and grape yield. The results of principal component analysis showed that 33 g/plant (0.33 g/L) were the most effective in improving soil nutrient, grape fruit quality and grape yield among the 6 treatments. 【Conclusion】 The fulvic acid can increase the content of nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in vineyard soil, promote the absorption of mineral nutrients by grape roots, increase the content of N, P, and K in leaves, synthesize and output more assimilation compounds, thus improving grape quality and increasing its yield. Among six groups, the physiological index of leaves was best when the amount of fulvic acid was 33 g/plant. It provides a theoretical reference for the reasonable application of fulvic acid fertilizer into 'Zhengyan Seedless' grape.