软枣猕猴桃绿枝扦插育苗研究

本文研究了软枣猕猴桃育苗技术及原理。试验证明,利用软枣猕猴桃的绿枝扦插可以培育成苗,该技术适用于生产实践。初花期取材,扦插于烟囱灰基质的比幼果膨大期取材插于沙基质的成苗率高,平均为76.4％,后者为24.9％;枝条类型(营养枝和徒长枝)与生长素(NAA—Na)二因素对成苗率有显著影响,枝条部位(上、中、下)对成苗率无显著影响,100ppm NAA—Na处理的效果超过200ppm的及对照;透光度在50—60％(半遮荫)条件下可以保持育苗生根所需的湿度(90％)和温度(25—28℃);绿枝插条上保留部分叶片有利于冬芽萌发,插条发生不定根的部位是形成层带,不定根突起能突破韧皮部的纤维层,伸到皮层之外;不定根的发生与伤口处形成的愈伤组织无关。

STUDY ON THE PROPAGATION OF ACTINIDIA ARGUTA BY GREEN CUTTING

The technique and principle of propagation of Actinidia Arguta by green cuttings was studied. Results indicated that the green shoot cuttings of Actinidia arguta could develop into a new plant, and this technique can be used in practice. The percentage of rooting success of green cuttings collected during the blooming period and cultured in chimney ash was higher than that collected during the fruit setting period and cultured in sand. The rooting percentage of the former averaged 76.4%, and the latter 24.9%. Type of shoot(vegetative shoot, shoot luxuriant growth and anxin(NAA-Na) had significant effect on rooting but position of the shoot(Apical, middle, basal) had no significant effect. 100 ppm NAA-Na treatment was better than 200 ppm NAA-Na treatment and control. Under 50-60% light transparence(half shading), suitable humidity(90%) and temperature(25-28℃)for rooting could be maintained. Winter buds of green cuttings with part of leaves kept would germinate better. Adventitious roots of cuttings originated from the cambium zone. The adventitious root primodium pushed through the fiber layer of the phloem and then the cortex. Adventitious root formation was not related with calluse around the cuts.