中国牦牛科学技术发展回顾与展望

本文扼要总结了我国牦牛科技的发展.总体而言,可划分为四个阶段:解放前、解放后到文革、1978～1995、1995年至今.在第四阶段(1995年至今),召开了四届国际牦牛学术讨论会,并成立了国际牦牛信息中心和全国牦牛品种协会(筹),是中国牦牛科学技术水平发展最快的时期.过去几十年,在品种资源、杂交改良、繁殖技术、野牦牛驯化及利用、牦牛育种,生物学特性、营养与饲料等方面取得了长足发展,中国牦牛的科学技术发展走在了世界最前列.今后应重点推广牦牛品种改良、营养调控、畜产品加工、草地生产系统优化等实用技术.

Retrospect and Prospect on Science and Technology Development of Yak in China

The development of science and technology of yak in China was reviewed. Generally speaking, there exist four stages including preliberation, from postliberation to culture revolution, from 1978 to 1995 and after 1995. Since 1995, the science and technology of yak in China developed remarkably, which was indicated by organizing four International Yak Seminars, and establishing International Yak Information Center and China Yak Breed Association. In the last several decades, with the fast development in yak breeds resource, crossing and improvement, reproductive technology, domestication and utilization of wild yak, yak breeding, biological characters and nutrition and feeds etc. , the development of science and technology of yak in China took the lead in the world. The future objectives of yak industry should focus on the extension of applied technologies such as yak breed improvement, nutrition manipulation, production processing and optimization of grassland production system.