不同留杈部位和追肥次数对早花烤烟品质的影响

以烤烟品种云烟97为材料,采取留杈部位和追肥次数双因子设计,留杈部位为正常打顶往下第2(D2)、4(D4)、6(D6)片叶处留杈,追肥次数设3个水平:追肥1次(Z1)、2次(Z2)、3次(Z3),以正常打顶不留杈、追肥一次作为对照(CK),共设10个处理。结果表明,D2Z2烟株生长发育良好,田间病虫害发生较少,化学成分更趋协调,吸食品质好,烟叶单产值、烟叶均值产指、级指、上等烟比例、中上等烟比例均较其它处理好。说明适度留杈并分次追肥能够有效降低早花对当地烟株的影响,是出现早花现象后对烟株产量和质量的有效弥补措施。

Effects of Different Remained Branch Position and Topdressing Times on Quality of Premature Flowering Tobacco

The tobacco cultivar Yunyan 97 was used as material,and the experiment was conducted in Huili County,LiangShan,SiChuan.The remained branch position and topdressing times were designed.The positions of remained branches were at the second leaf(D2),the fourth one(D4) and the sixth one(D6) under the normal topping one.The topdressing times were set as one(Z1),two(Z2) and three(Z3).The treatment of normal topping but no remained branch was as the check.The results showed that under D2Z2 treatment,the tobacco plant grew and developed well;the occurrence of disease and insect pests were lower;the chemical composition tended to be more coordinate,and the smoking quality became better;the tobacco yield,average production finger,grade index,rate of high-class leaf along with middle and superior leaves were better compared with the other treatments.It was concluded that moderate remaining branches combined with topdressing for several times could reduce the influence of premature flowering on tobacco effectively,which could be adopted as the valid rescue method for quality and yield once premature flowering occurred.