温度与番茄果实生长的研究

目的]了解温度对番茄果实生长的影响。方法]以无限生长型"合作209"为供试品种,在温室大棚内研究了番茄果实的生长曲线和温度对番茄生长的影响。结果]番茄果实的生长呈单"S"形曲线,满足慢-快-慢的生长节奏;果实生长速率呈单峰曲线,峰值出现在花后两周左右,为0.4cm/d。日最高温度在30～38℃时,番茄生长相对较快。番茄果实的生长速率较大值都出现在日平均温度22～26℃时。番茄生长范围内的日最低温度、日最高温度和日平均温度不是决定番茄果实的生长速率的主要因子,瞬时日高温不能决定果实的日生长量。结论]番茄生长范围内的温度对番茄果实生长发育的影响不大;日平均温度22～26℃是果实发育较快的温度范围。

Study on Temperature and the Growth of Tomato Fruit

Objective] The aim of the research was to get know of the effects of temperature on the growth of tomato fruit.Method] With infinite-growth-typed "Hezuo 209" as the tested variety,the growth curve of tomato fruit and the effects of temperature on the growth of tomato were studied in the greenhouse.Result] The growth of tomato fruit showed a curve with single "S" shape and met the growth rhythm of slow-fast-slow.The fruit growth rate showed a single-peak curve,and the peak occurred about in the two weekends after flowering and it was 0.4 cm/d.When the daily maximum temperature was 30～38 ℃,tomato grew relatively fast.The growth rate of tomato fruit came forth the bigger values at the daily mean temperature of 22～26 ℃.The daily minimum temperature,the daily maximum temperature and the daily mean temperature in the range of tomato growth were not the main factors that decided the growth rate of tomato fruit and instantaneous daily high temperature couldn't decide the daily growth increment.Conclusion] Temperature in the range of tomato growth had not great effects on the development and growth of tomato fruit.The daily mean temperature of 22～26 ℃ was the temperature range for rapid fruit development.