虫粪在森林昆虫识别中的应用初探

在较高大树木上危害的森林昆虫,当其种群的密度不是很高,或种群未处于大量取食的虫态(一般为末龄幼虫)时,往往不易被发现。大量取食后不久,种群突然消失,只留下一些危害过的痕迹。危害痕迹中寄主林木被害状能提供的信息极有限,害虫的头壳也很难找到,而虫粪却易于发现且能提供较多的信息,成为确定害虫种类的线索。国外已有不少文献肯定了虫粪对于识别虫种的辅助作用,还编制了若干种森林害虫的虫粪检索表。国内仅对马尾松毛虫虫粪在监测其幼虫种群数量方面作过较详细的研究,尚未见到用虫粪识别虫种方面的研究。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE USE OF FRASS IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF FOREST INSECTS

With the frass samplied from the Masson pine plantation in South China, a preliminary study on the use of frass in the identification of certain forest insects was reported. The materials covered 3 orders 10 families including 11 species of insects that feed on Masson pine and 5 species on other plants. A key based on the morphological characteristics of the frass was constructed. In order to improve the accuracy of identification, some enviromental fators were also considered. Both the practical significance and the limit of the method were discussed.