近二十年吉林省玉米种质基础及杂优模式浅析

对吉林省近20年审定的普通玉米品种种质基础及杂优模式进行了分析。结果表明:吉林省玉米育种应用的主要种质集中在黄早4改良、瑞德改良、兰卡斯特、旅大红骨、P78599等类群上;选育的自交系主要以二环系为主;杂优模式以黄早4×瑞德、黄早4×兰卡斯特、瑞德×旅大红骨、兰卡斯特×瑞德、P78599×其它为主要杂优模式。指出吉林省目前仍存在遗传基础狭窄问题,应当加强种质交流合作,施行循环育种策略,不断进行育种技术创新。

Analysis of Germplasm Basis and Heterosis Model of Maize of Jilin Province in the Past Twenty Years

Germplasm basis and heterosis model of maize varieties were analyzed in this paper which passed appraisal in the past 20 years in Jilin Province.The results showed that the germplasm resource could be mainly classed into ’Improved Huangzao 4’,’Improved Reid’,’Lancaster’,’Lvda red cob’ group and P78599,etc.Majority of inbred lines were the recycling maize inbred lines.The main heterosis models were improved Huangzao 4 × improved Reid,improved Huangzao 4 × Lancaster,improved Reid × Lvda red cob,Lancaster × improved Reid,P78599 × some of them.The genetic basis of maize breeding in Jilin Province was still narrow at present.The breeders should improve cooperation on germplasm resources,apply to recycling breeding strategy and constantly innovate the maize breeding of Jilin Province.