广西猫儿山森林水源涵养功能及水资源供求评价

对广西猫儿山高山矮林、铁杉林、水青冈林、阔叶林和毛竹林5种典型林型地表凋落物及土壤水源涵养功能进行研究。结果表明，不同林型凋落物及土壤水源涵养功能差异明显。5种林型地表凋落物最大持水量依次为：铁杉林（48．2t／hm2）〉阔叶林（32．8t／hm2）〉高山矮林（30．5t／hm2）〉水青冈林（25．7t／hm2）〉毛竹林（13．8t／hm2）；土壤最大持水力依次为：铁杉林（1424．7t／hm2）〉阔叶林（1184．7t／hm2）〉高山矮林（1105．3t／hm2）〉水青冈林（1090．0t／hm2）〉毛竹林（1086．7t／hm2）。铁杉林具有最好的水源涵养功能，而毛竹林水源涵养能力最差。猫儿山林区最大持水量能够满足漓江0．7m以上水位，但毛竹林面积的扩张是林区水文生态保护的重点．

Evaluation on Water Conservation Function and Its Supply and Demand Evaluation of Forest Water Resources in Mao'er Mountain of Guangxi

The water conservation function of surface litter and soil of five typical forests （alpine dwarf forest, Tsuga chinemis forest,Fagtts sylvatiea forest, broad - leaved forest and Phyllostachys pubescens forest ） in Mao＇ er Mountain of Guangxi was studied. The results showed that there was great differences of water conservation function among the litter and soil of different forest types. The order of the maximum water - holding capacity of the surface litters of five typical forest types was Tsuga chinensis forest（48.2 t/hm2 ） 〉 broad-leaved forest （32.8 t/hm2 ） 〉 alpine dwarf forest （30.5 t/hm2 ） 〉 Fagus sylvatiea forest （25.7 t/hm2 ） 〉 Phyllostaehys pubeseeras forest （ 13.8 t/hm2 ）. The order of the maximum water-holding capacity of soil of five typical forest types was T. chinensis forest （ 1 424.7 t/hm2 ） 〉 broad - leaved forest （ 1 184.7 t/hm2 ） 〉 alpine dwarf forest （ 1 105.3 t/hm2 ） 〉 F. sydnatica forest （ 1 090.0 t/hm2 ） 〉 P. pubescens forest （ 1 086.7 t/hm2 ）. T. chinensis forest had the greatest water conservation function,while F. sylvatica forest had the lowest water - holding capability. The maximum water carrying capacity of Mao＇ er Mountain forest ecosystem was enough to ensure a water level of over 0.7 m in Lijiang River. In addition, more attention should be paid to the area enlargement of F. sylvatica forest for the hydrological ecological protection in the forest region.