玉米耐盐碱能力及评价指标筛选研究

为了探讨土默川平原6种玉米品种的耐盐碱能力及筛选耐混合盐碱评价指标，采用室内发芽和室外砂培试验，研究了混合盐碱胁迫对玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长生理生化特性的影响。结果表明：混合盐碱胁迫下，种子发芽时间推迟、发芽过程延长。随着盐碱胁迫强度的增大，玉米种子发芽率、胚生长呈明显降低的趋势，而盐害指数逐渐增加，对玉米植株生长的抑制程度也逐渐增大，幼叶中丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）含量逐渐增加，而可溶性蛋白含量逐渐降低。6种玉米品种的耐盐碱能力表现为：玉龙2号＞吉单535＞玉龙8号＞东单969＞农夫9号＞南北1号。根据11个耐盐碱评价指标的主成分分析结果，最终筛选出种子发芽率、胚生长、株高、生物量、脯氨酸含量作为评价玉米耐盐碱性的特征因子。

Study on Saline-alkaline Tolerance Ability and Evaluation Index Selection for Corn

In order to explore the ability of saline-alkaline tolerance and the evaluation indexes of 6 maize varieties in the Tumochuan plain, this paper used indoor germination and outdoor sand training test to study the effects of mixed saline-alkali stress on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of maize seed germination and seedling growth. The results showed that: Under mixed salt and alkali stress, the germination time was delayed and the germination process was prolonged. With the increase of saline-alkali stress intensity, the seed germination rate and embryo growth of maize showed a significant trend of decrease; the salt damage index gradually increased; the degree of inhibition on the growth of maize plants also gradually increased; the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), proline and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in young leaf increased gradually; soluble protein content decreased gradually. The salt resistance of 6 maize varieties were: Yulong 2 > Jidan 535 > Yulong 8 > Dongdan 969 > Nongfu 9 > Nanbei 1. According to the principal component analysis results of 11 evaluation indexes of saline-alkali resistance, seed germination rate, embryo growth, plant height, biomass and proline content were finally selected as the characteristic factors to evaluate the saline-alkali resistance of maize.