水稻稻瘟病抗性基因Bsr-d1功能标记的开发和利用

稻瘟病是危害水稻最严重的病害之一, 选育抗病品种是防治该病害最有效的方法。Bsr-d1是对稻瘟病菌具有广谱抗性的一个重要基因。为提高Bsr-d1基因在育种中的选择效率, 根据Bsr-d1与其感病等位基因bsr-d1在功能区域存在的单核苷酸差异, 设计和筛选出Bsr-d1基因不同类型的基因功能标记CAPs5-1和3Bsr-d1/3bsr-d1, 结合测序分析验证, 可准确鉴定出Bsr-d1的不同基因型。利用3Bsr-d1/3bsr-d1对34份籼稻品种、江苏历年来主要推广的110份粳稻品种、其他省份的13份粳稻品种、148份太湖流域地方粳稻资源和19份太湖流域地方籼稻资源进行了Bsr-d1基因型检测, 筛选到携带Bsr-d1基因的籼型资源11份, 271份粳型资源中均不携带Bsr-d1基因, 这也说明Bsr-d1主要分布在籼型水稻资源中, 在粳型资源中几乎不存在。本研究为Bsr-d1基因的育种利用和分子标记辅助选择奠定了基础。

Development and Application of Functional Markers for Rice Blast Resistance Gene Bsr-d1 in Rice

Rice blast is one of the most serious rice diseases, breeding resistant cultivars is the most effective way to prevent this disease. Bsr-d1 is one vital non race-specific resistance gene for rice blast disease. To improve the selection efficiency of rice blast resistance gene Bsr-d1 in breeding, we selected different types of gene marker, CAPs5-1 and 3Bsr-d1/3bsr-d1, based on the single nucleotide polymorphism in the functional region of alleles Bsr-d1/bsr-d1. Furtherly confirmed by sequencing, we found both CAPs5-1 and 3Bsr-d1/3bsr-d1 could obviously distinguish different genetypes of Bsr-d1 locus. 3Bsr-d1/3bsr-d1 was employed to genotype 34 indica rice varieties, 110 japonica varieties certificated in Jiangsu Province, 13 japonica varieties certificated in different provinces, 148 local japonica cultivars and 19 local indica cultivars from Taihu Basin. There were only 11 indica varieties carrying Bsr-d1 gene, while Bsr-d1 gene was not detected in 271 japonica rice samples, indicating that Bsr-d1 mainly exists in indica germplasm, and is rarely found in japonica rice. This study facilitates the use of Bsr-d1 gene in rice blast resistance breeding and marker assisted selection.