三门湾缢蛏的品质特性分析

对三门湾养殖缢蛏和野生缢蛏的基本营养成分(水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、糖原和灰分)、氨基酸、脂肪酸、质构、色差等品质相关指标进行分析。结果表明:三门湾养殖缢蛏和野生缢蛏的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分存在显著性差异(P0.05);养殖缢蛏和野生缢蛏的氨基酸组成及含量存在差异,养殖缢蛏中含量较高的氨基酸排列为:谷氨酸﹥天门冬氨酸﹥赖氨酸﹥精氨酸﹥亮氨酸﹥丙氨酸﹥缬氨酸﹥甘氨酸,而野生缢蛏中含量较高的氨基酸排列为:谷氨酸﹥天门冬氨酸﹥丙氨酸﹥亮氨酸﹥赖氨酸﹥精氨酸﹥甘氨酸﹥缬氨酸;养殖缢蛏和野生缢蛏脂肪酸组成及含量呈现出比较一致的变化,但野生缢蛏的不饱和脂肪酸百分含量高于养殖缢蛏;不同部位的质构剖面分析结果显示养殖缢蛏内脏肌肉和足部肌肉的粘附性和弹性优于野生缢蛏(P0.05);野生缢蛏和养殖缢蛏肌肉的色差无显著性差异(P﹥0.05)。从总体上可以看出,三门湾养殖缢蛏在个体大小、出肉率和质构方面优于野生缢蛏。但三门湾养殖缢蛏的营养价值要低于野生缢蛏。

Quality traits analysis of Sinonovacula constricta in Sanmen Bay

This study aimed to analyze flesh quality traits of wild and farmed Sinonobsvula constricta in Sanmen Bay, including crude protein, moisture, crude fat, ash, amino acid , fatty acid, texture and colour. The results showed that moisture, crude protein, crude fat and ash were significant differences between wild and farmed Sinonobsvula constricta in Sanmen Bay (p<0.05). The composition and content of amino acids in muscle had difference between wild and farmed Sinonobsvula constricta, The higher amino acids content of farmed Sinonobsvula constricta arranged respectively: glutamic acid> aspartic aicd>lysine>arginine>leucine>alanine>valine>glycine; The higher amino acids content of wild Sinonobsvula constricta arranged respectively: glutamic acid> aspartic aicd> alanine> leucine> lysine> arginine> glycine> valine. The constitutes and contents of fatty acid did not have the same diversification in wild and farmed Sinonobsvula constricta, but the total percent of polyunsaturated fatty acid content in wild was higher than that of farmed Sinonobsvula constricta. Texture profile analysis with different areas of wild and farmed Sinonobsvula constricta was experimentized, and the results were shown that the adhesiveness and springiness of visceral and foot muscle of farmed better than wild Sinonobsvula constricta (p<0.05). However, the colour of muscle did show no significant difference between wild and farmed Sinonobsvula constricta (p>0.05). Hence, it is concluded that farmed Sinonobsvula constricta show better size, dressing percentage and texture than wild Sinonobsvula constricta, but lower nutritional value than wild Sinonobsvula constricta in Sanmen Bay.