黍黑孢菌生物学特性和杀菌剂筛选

黍黑孢菌在PDA培养基上生长40 h后开始产孢,但孢子萌发在产孢20 d后。1/2马铃薯葡萄糖汁(PDB)和1%酵母浸出膏显著地促进孢子萌发,萌发率分别达到99%和87.7%,而5%葡萄糖、1%胰蛋白胨和5%蔗糖对孢子萌发促进作用不显著。药剂对菌丝抑制作用的试验结果表明,多菌灵等8种药剂都对黍黑孢菌菌丝生长有着不同程度的抑制作用,其中,50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂效果最好,EC50为0.017μg/mL,EC95为0.098μg/mL。药剂对黍黑孢菌孢子萌发抑制试验结果表明,75%百菌清可湿性粉剂、30%福.腐.百可湿性粉剂、50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂、50%福.福甲胂.福锌可湿性粉剂和28%百.霉威可湿性粉剂都是有效的杀菌剂,其中,百菌清效果最好,其EC50和EC95分别为0.008μg/mL和0.107μg/mL。

Biological characteristics of Nigrospora panici and fungicide screening

Nigrospora panici produced spores on PDA after 40 hours,but it took more than 20 d to become mature after the spore appeared.1/2 PDB and 1% yeast significantly promoted spore germination,with germination rates reaching 99% and 87.7%, respectively.On the contrary,glucose,tryptone and sucrose didn't promote spore germination.Studies on the effects of the fungicides on mycelial growth of N.panici revealed that carbendazim,chlorothalonil,zineb,thiophanate-methyl,thiram-ziram-urbacide,iprodione,chlorothalonil-diethofencarb and thiram-procymidone-diethofencarb were all effective to different extents,but carbendazim was the most effective inhibitor with EC_(50) value as 0.017 μg/mL and EC_(95) value as 0.098 μg/mL,respectively.Studies on the inhibitory effects of the fungicides on spore germination of N.panici showed that chlorothalonil,thiram-procymidone-diethofencarb,carbendazim,thiram-ziram-urbacide and chlorothalonil-diethofencarb were all effective,but chlorothalonil was the most effective one with EC_(50) value as 0.008 μg/mL and EC_(95) value as 0.107 μg/mL.Thiophanate-methyl,zineb and iprodione fungicides were ineffective.