枣树杂交育种研究进展

枣树是我国独有的乡土树种，现有枣树品种大多存在缺陷，生产上迫切需要通过杂交的手段将不同枣树品种的优良性状整合起来，培育综合性状优良的新品种。由于枣树花小，人工去雄易伤害花器官，花量大而坐果率低，存在胚败育现象等问题都制约着枣树杂交育种工作的发展。本文综述了枣树开花、花粉萌发、生殖等方面的生物学特性，从枣树杂交育种的必要性、杂交方法和亲本选择等方面对枣树杂交育种研究进行了探讨，并对通过局部隔离法获得的枣树实生后代的性状遗传规律进行了总结，同时根据目前枣树杂交育种的研究现状和科研环境，以及枣树转基因研究的不断深入，对枣树杂交育种发展的前景做了展望。

Progress on Hybridization Breeding of Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)

Chinese jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is one of the unique and indigenous trees in China.As most varieties of Chinese jujube have given limitations, it urgently need to integrate different suprior traits by hybrid breeding methods to cultivate suprior varieties in the future breeding.The progress on hybrid breeding of Chinese jujube was restricted by many of its biological characteristics such as the tiny flowers, damnification in manpower emasculation, low fruit-setting and embryo abortion.In this review, we summarized biological characteristics of Chinese jujube including florescent characteristices, the germination law of the pollen as well as the reproductive physiology traits and discussed the aspect of breeding methods including the importance of hybrid breeding, the cross-fertilizing methods, the selection of the male and female parents and the traits separation laws of the natural hybrid seedlings obtained by the" part segregation method".We also discussed the prospect of the hybrid breeding of Chinese jujube based on the scientific research condition and the advancement of transgenic research.