长输管道事故模拟实装训练辅助装置设计及验证

在中国油气管道安全防护日益严峻的形势下,长输管道应急事故救援力量难以开展真实工况训练。设计了由短距离装配式钢质管道与调节阀组成的长输管道事故模拟实装训练辅助装置,并进行相应的现场试验。结果表明:调节阀在某一特定开度下的实际压差流量曲线与相应长度的同管径管道的阻力特性基本一致,验证了选用调节阀模拟长距离管道水力摩阻的可行性。该装置通过敷设短距离管道,实现了在有限场地条件下与实际管道一致的上下游泵站工况,起到以短代长、减小训练规模、降低管道敷设工作量的作用,并能够更加准确地模拟管道泄漏、堵塞及阀门误动作等事故工况,提高了管道应急事故救援人员的训练水平。

Design and verification of real-training auxiliary device for simulating long-distance pipeline accidents

The safety protection of domestic oil and gas pipelines is increasingly severe, and it is difficult for the emergency rescue teams of long-distance pipeline accidents to carry out actual working condition training. To solve this problem, a real-training auxiliary device for simulating long-distance pipeline accidents was designed and tested on site. This device is composed of short-distance assembled steel pipes and regulating valves. It is shown that the actual pressure differenceflow curve of the regulating valve at a certain opening is basically consistent with the resistance characteristic of the pipe with the same diameter and the corresponding length, which verifies further the feasibility of using the regulating valve to simulate the hydraulic frictional resistance of the long-distance pipeline. This device can provide the working conditions of the upstream and downstream pumping stations which are consistent with the actual pipeline under the limited site conditions by laying short-distance pipelines. Thus, the long is replaced with the short, and training scale and pipeline laying workload are reduced. Furthermore, the accident conditions which are consistent with the actual pipeline leakage, plugging and valve misoperation can be simulated more accurately, and the training level and benefits of emergency rescue teams are improved.