冷藏运输厢体结构对流场影响的数值模拟

为了研究不同冷藏运输厢体结构对冷藏运输环境均匀性的影响，该文针对3种厢体，冷藏运输中比较常用的“上进上出”式厢体和“上进下出”式厢体以及华南农业大学研制的“差压式”厢体建立了三维紊流数值计算模型，并运用FLUENT软件，采用SIMPLE算法和壁面函数法对3种厢体的空载和满载结构模型进行风速流场的数值计算，得到了3种厢体的风速云图和矢量图。通过厢中不同截面的对比分析，发现“差压式”厢体无论是处于空载还是满载时内部流场都比“上进下出”和“上进上出”式厢体的流场均匀；“上进下出”式厢体满载时的风速流场比空载时和“上进上出”式厢体的流场更均匀；“上进上出”式厢体无论是处于空载还是满载时，厢体内部的风速梯度较大,流场均匀性一般。研究结果对于冷藏运输厢体结构的优化设计具有一定参考价值。

Numerical simulation of effects of transport enclosure structure on flow field

In order to research the influence of different refrigerated transport enclosure for the environment uniformity, 3D turbulence models of the enclosure in and out from the top and enclosure in from the top and out from the bottom and differential pressure enclosure designed by South China Agricultural University were built, and the software FLUENT, SIMPLE algorithm and wall function method was used to do numerical calculation for the three kinds of enclosure structure models when they were no-load or full load, to analyze the wind and cloud vector diagram of the airflow patterns in the structures. Through different section of comparative analysis, it showed that the flow field in differential pressure enclosure was more uniform than those in the two other structure whether it was no-load or full; The airflow field in enclosure in from the top and out from the bottom with cargo was more uniform than the airflow field in no-load and the enclosure in and out from the top; The wind speed gradient was larger, and the uniformity of flow distribution was general in the enclosure in and out from the top both no-load or full. The results have reference value for the optimal design?of refrigerated transport enclosure.