生物炭对鸡粪好氧堆肥过程的影响

生物炭作为堆肥调理剂对于加快畜禽粪污好氧堆肥进程、增强堆肥品质和改良堆肥工艺具有重要意义。分别选用玉米秸秆和树叶与鸡粪混合进行堆肥试验。通过研究堆体温度变化、含水率、pH值、电导率，以及氮、磷、钾营养成分含量的变化，分析生物炭对堆肥过程的影响。结果表明，添加生物炭可有效缩短堆肥周期2~3 d。添加生物炭前期会使堆体pH值升高但对于最终堆肥产品并无太大影响。添加生物炭较未添加堆体的EC值降低，表明生物炭对于游离盐离子具有很好的固定作用。通过对堆体物料各阶段主要养分进行检测，添加生物炭堆肥中全氮、全磷和全钾含量均高于未添加组。其中MSA与LA总氮含量较MS与L分别增加0.35%和0.53%，表明生物炭具有较好的固氮效果。综合pH值、电导率、含水率等指标来看，生物炭作为调理剂促进了好氧发酵过程的进行，有利于提高堆肥品质。 

Effects of Biochar on Aerobic Composting of Chicken Manure

As a composting conditioner，biochar plays an important role in speeding up process of livestock and poultry manure aerobic composting，enhancing quality of composting and improving composting technology.Corn straw and leaves were mixed with chicken manure for composting experiment.The influence of biochar on composting process was analyzed by studying changes of reactor temperature，water content，pH value，electrical conductivity and nutrient contents of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium.Results showed that adding biochar could effectively shorten composting cycle by 2~3 d.In the early stage，adding biochar would increase pH value of pile body，but it had no significant effect on final composting product.The EC value of adding biochar was lower than that of not adding biochar，indicating that biochar had a good fixation effect on free salt ions.Through detection of main nutrients at each stage of heap material，contents of total nitrogen，total phosphorus and total potassium in biochar compost were higher than those in non-adding group.The total nitrogen content of MSA and LA increased by 0.35% and 0.53%，respectively，compared with MS and L，indicating that biochar had better nitrogen fixation effect.Comprehensive pH value，electrical conductivity，water content and other indicators，as a conditioner，biochar could promote aerobic fermentation process，which was conducive to improving quality of compost.