厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜事件对山西省北部地区气候的影响

通过对山西省北部50a来气象资料的搜集和整理,研究了厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜(El Nino—SouthernOscillation,ENSO)事件对山西省北部地区气候的影响。结果表明,大同、朔州、忻州地区厄尔尼诺事件发生年降水减少,平均气温降低,与正常年份相比年降水量分别减少了46.86,46.44和80.96mm,年平均气温分别降低了0.03,0.17和0.22℃;拉尼娜年降水减少,平均气温降低,与正常年份相比年降水量分别减少了21.27,26.32和25.30mm,平均气温分别降低了0.03,0.18和0.04℃,厄尔尼诺事件年平均气温变化与黄土高原相反。ENSO暖事件对山西省北部地区气温的影响具有从大同向朔州和忻州依次逐渐增强的特点,表明随着纬度的降低厄尔尼诺事件对气温的影响增强,对降水也有类似的影响。ENSO暖事件年发生旱灾的可能性较大,通常会给山西省北部地区的工农业生产带来不利影响。

Effects of El Nino/La Nina Events on Climate of Northern Shanxi Province

Based on the meteorological and historical data of the past 50years in Northern Shanxi Province,the influence of ENSO(El Nino—Southern Oscillation)events on the climate of Northern Shanxi Province was studied.The results show that both annual total precipitation and annual average temperature decreased at the years of ENSO warming events(El Nino events)comparing to the normal years.In the areas of Datong,Suzhou,and Qizhou City,annual total precipitation decreased for 46.83,46.44,and 80.96mm,and annual average temperature were reduced for 0.03,0.17,and 0.22 ℃,respectively.Similarly,both annual total precipitation and annual average temperature were lower,but less intensively,at the years of ENSO cold events(La Nina events)than the normal years.The annual total precipitation was 21.27,26.32,and 25.30 mm lower,and annual average temperature was 0.03,0.18,and 0.04℃lower,respectively in the three regions.The annual average temperature of the sudy area changed in a direction opposite to that of the Loess Plateau in the years of El Nino events.The influence of ENSO warming events on the temperature represented an ascending trend as in the order of regions:Datong City< Shuozhou City< Xinzhou City,as the latitudes of the areas decreased.The ENSO warming events imposed a similar effect on annual total precipitation,increasing the probability of the occurrence of draught disasters and harming the industrial and agricultural productions in study area.