三江平原井灌区地下水人工回灌量测算

针对近些年来三江平原大面积发展井灌水稻所导致的地下水位持续下降问题,以853农场为例,采用水量均衡法,测算了853农场2006—2009年维持地下水收支平衡及地下水恢复至适宜埋深条件下的人工回灌量,结果表明:维持地下水收支平衡所需回灌量均小于5 000万m3;地下水恢复至适宜埋深所需回灌量均为2亿m3左右,远远超过维持地下水收支平衡所需回灌量;若继续沿用现状地下水利用模式,未来所需回灌量会更大,建议当地加大地下水资源管理力度。研究成果为853农场乃至整个三江平原地下水资源恢复及可持续利用提供了科学依据。

Estimation of Groundwater Artificial Recharge Quantity in Area of Well Irrigation in Sanjiang Plain

In recent years,the rapid increase of well irrigation paddy field area has led to continually descending of groundwater level in Sanjiang Plain.Aimed at the problem mentioned above,the artificial recharge quantities from 2006 to 2009 under the condition of maintaining the groundwater balance and recovering the groundwater to suitable burial depth were estimated in Farm 853 through using the water balance method.The results show that the artificial recharge quantities of maintaining the groundwater balance are all less than 5×107 m3,and the artificial recharge quantities of recovering the groundwater to suitable burial depth are all about 2×108 m3,which are far greater than the artificial recharge quantities of maintaining the groundwater’s balance.If the utilization pattern of groundwater resources is maintained,the artificial recharge quantities will be greater in the future,so local government should reinforce the management strength towards groundwater resources.The research achievements can provide scientific gist for groundwater resources recovery and its sustainable utilization in Farm 853 and even the entire Sanjiang Plain.