干旱区绿洲-荒漠化演变中的水足迹表征研究——以新疆天山北坡为例

以新疆天山北坡为研究区,首先利用改进后的方法计算了研究区的水足迹,然后在水足迹时空变化和荒漠化格局演变分析的基础上,建立天山北坡荒漠化与水足迹之间的关系,并从水足迹的角度对天山北坡绿洲荒漠化的过程机制进行了分析。结果表明:(1)1960—2007年,天山北坡水足迹呈现较为明显的上升趋势,同时,水足迹结构发生了明显的变化。(2)天山北坡各市县当地生产水足迹的空间差异明显。(3)研究区荒漠面积与水足迹之间存在显著的负相关性。(4)调整地区生产结构(特别是农业)和改善区域居民的消费模式都有利于减轻干旱区水资源压力,对干旱区荒漠化的预警和防治具有重要的战略启示。

Water Footprint Characteristics in Evolution of Oasis and Desertification in an Arid Area——A Case Study of the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains,Xinjiang Wei Autonoumos

By taking the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains as the research object,water footprint in the area is calculated by using an improved method.Then the relationship between desertification and water footprint is established based on the analyses of the spatiotemporal variation of water footprint and the desertification patterns.Moreover,the processes and mechanisms of oasis and desertification on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains are analyzed from the water footprint perspective.Results showed that(1) from 1960 to 2007,water footprint in the area tended to increase obviously and meanwhile,water footprint structure changed significantly;(2) the productive water footprint had obvious spatial variation for the cities and counties in the area;(3) there was a significantly negative correlation between the deserted area and water footprint on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains;(4) the adjustments of regional production structure(especially agriculture) and the improvement of the regional people′s consumption patterns are favorable to reduce the pressures on water resources in arid areas,which have an important strategic implication for the early warning and prevention of desertification in arid areas.