鸡免疫器官中血管活性肠肽的分布特点

应用免疫组化超敏SP法对鸡不同生长阶段免疫器官中血管活性肠肽(VIP)的表达特点进行了研究,结果显示,胸腺中VIP阳性反应主要分布于被膜及髓质,而皮质内反应较弱;随日龄增加,VIP在被膜和髓质内一直维持较强的表达;实质中VIP强阳性淋巴细胞数量随日龄逐渐增多,至42 d开始减少.脾脏中VIP阳性反应主要出现于被膜及红髓,并在整个生长阶段维持较强的表达,红髓的脾索和脾窦间还有较多的巨噬细胞呈VIP强阳性反应;白髓中仅见动脉周围淋巴鞘中央动脉有VIP的表达,并随日龄的增加逐渐减弱.法氏囊中VIP的表达范围广泛,涉及黏膜、黏膜下层和肌层,尤以黏膜上皮细胞和法氏囊小结髓质的表达为典型;随着日龄增加,黏膜上皮细胞VIP表达逐渐减弱,囊小结髓质一直保持较强的VIP阳性着色,囊小结皮髓质交界处上皮细胞层内VIP强阳性细胞有逐渐增多的趋势.鸡免疫器官中VIP阳性反应物质的广泛分布,提示这3种器官是神经系统以外产生VIP的重要部位,法氏囊中的VIP可参与鸡免疫器官的功能调节,它可作为一种信号分子介导神经内分泌系统和免疫系统之间的相互作用.

The Distribution of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Immune Organs of Chicken during Their Growth

To determine the functions of Vasoactive Intestinal Pepticle(VIP) in immune organs of chicken,immunohistochemical ultra sensitive SP method was used to examine the expression of VIP in immune organs of chicken during their growth.The results are as follows: In thymus,compared with the low expression in cortex,VIP mainly expressed in capsule and medulla which maintained higher expression with age.The number of positive lymphocyte increased with the growth,but begain to decrease at 42 day-old.In spleen,the strong expression of VIP was mainly distributed on capsule and red pulp which maintained higher expression during the whole growth stage.There are also many macrophages with strong expression in red pulp,while the expression of VIP in white pulp was only distributed on central arteries,and reduced with age.In bursa of Fabricius,VIP was extensively present in mucosa,submucosa and muscle layer,particularly expressed on mucosa epithelial cell and bursa nodule.Expression of VIP on mucosa epithelial cell reduced during growth,but maintained strongly expression on medulla of bursa nodule,the number of darkly stained positive cell in epithelial cell layer among cortex and medulla of bursa nodule increased with age.The results indicated that immune organs was another source of VIP besides the nervou system,it may play important role on functional regulation of immune organs in chicken.VIP can functioned as a signal molecule which contacted neuroendocrine system with immune system.