油松不同种源种实性状的变异分析

为了揭示油松Pinus tabulaeformis天然群体中种实性状的变异规律，对陕西省天然群体中7个种源的141个油松家系（单株）的球果和种子表型性状采用方差分析、多重比较和相关分析等统计分析方法，讨论了油松种源间和种源内家系间的遗传变异与相关。结果表明，油松种实性状在种源间和种源内家系间存在极其丰富的遗传变异。油松球果长度、球果宽度、球果鲜质量、种子长度、种子宽度和种子厚度等6个性状在种源间和种源内差异均达极显著水平，其中，球果鲜质量的表型和遗传变异系数达到最大。油松球果3个性状间相关紧密（P〈0．05），种子性状间两两相关显著（P〈0．01），而球果性状与种子性状之间相关多数未达显著水平。海拔和年降水与球果宽度和种子宽度正相关显著；年均温与种实性状呈负相关，与种子的性状和千粒质量的负相关达到5％的显著水平；地理纬度、≥10℃积温和无霜期与种实性状的相关性弱，均未达到显著水平。表7参15

Phenotypic variation in seed cones and seeds of species and families in different provenances of Pinus tabulaeformis

To reveal the regularities of cone and seed variation, the phenotypic traits of cones and seeds of seven species and 141 families in natural populations of Pinus tabulaeformis provenances of Shaanxi Province were analyzed. Statistical analyses, such as analysis of variance, correlation analysis among provenances and within families for a provenance of P. tabulaeformis, and genetic variation, were used. Result showed that significant differences were found between in provenances and in individuals within provenances in cone length （P〈 0.01）, cone width （P〈0.01）, cone fresh weight （P〈 0.01）, seed length （P〈0.01）, seed width （P〈0. 01）, and seed thickness （P〈0. 0l）. Also, the phenotype and coefficient of variation for hereditary of cone fresh weight were the largest. For correlations between cone width and seed width, altitude and rainfall were positively and significantly （P 〈0. 01） correlated; for correlations between cone and seed traits, annual mean temperature was negatively correlated; for seed traits and the thousand-seed weight there was a significant （P 〈0. 05） negative correlation; and for cone and seed traits at a latitude, ≥10 ℃ accumulated temperatures and the frost-free period were not significantly correlated. The variations of seed traits and the thousand-seed weight comply with annual mean temperature. The variations of cone width and seed width mainly follow the variation of altitude. Ch, 7 tab. 15 ref. ]