园艺作物连作障碍的研究进展

随着中国农村经济结构的调整,设施栽培正走向规模化和产业化,但在利益的驱动下局限于栽培经济效益高的单一作物,引发了大面积的连作障碍,限制了农业可持续发展,为此针对中国现阶段园艺作物连作障碍现状,分析其严重的危害性。从土壤理化性状的改变、土壤生态环境的破坏、植物自毒作用和客观因素等角度阐述了连作障碍产生的机理;总结了土壤改良和田间管理、种植制度和种植方式的优化、抗病虫害品种选育和嫁接技术的利用、化学防治和生物防治等调控措施,并指出未来发展方向,为从根本上解决这一生产难题提供参考和指导。

Research Progress of Continuous Cropping Obstacle in Horticultural Plants

With the adjustment of rural economics structure in our country,cultivation is turning to the scale and industrialization,but in the pursuit of interests cultivation is confined to the high economic benefit of a single crop,causing a large area of the continuous cropping obstacles,restricting the sustainable development of agriculture.The current situation and serious harm of continuous cropping obstacle in horticultural crops were discussed.The mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles was reviewed in the sight of the change of physical and chemical property of soil,the destruction of the ecological environment,self-toxicity of plants and objective factors;summarized control measures,such as the soil improvement and field management,the optimization of cropping system and planting pattern,screening and cultivation superior varieties to resist pest and disease and the using of grafting technique,chemical controls and biological controls,and pointed out the development direction of this study in the future,in order to overcome the production obstacles fundamentally to provided reference and guidance.