唇形科三个属植物花粉粒形态的比较研究

应用光镜和扫描电镜对唇形科中的紫苏属、黄芩属、鼠尾草属共3个属植物的9份试材的花粉粒进行观察比较。结果表明:紫苏属植物5个变种的花粉粒形态为扁球形或近扁球形;黄芩、丹参、一串红的花粉粒形态为近长球形;蓝花鼠尾草的花粉粒为近球形。紫苏属植物5个变种、丹参、一串红、蓝花鼠尾草的花粉粒均为6沟花粉粒,黄芩为3沟花粉粒。在扫描电镜下观察到的紫苏属、黄芩属和鼠尾草属植物的花粉粒外壁均为网状纹饰,但在网眼的大小、形状、网眼内是否存在穿孔和网脊上是否有突起等方面存在着差异。紫苏属、黄芩属和鼠尾草属植物之间花粉粒形态特征的差异为其分类学提供了孢粉学证据。

Study on the Pollen Morphology of Three Genera of Lamiaceae

The pollen grains of 9 samples of genera Perilla,Scutellaria and Salvia(Lamiaceas).were examined by light microscope(LM) and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results showed that the pollen grains of Perilla were oblate or suboblate in shape,while the pollen shapes of Scutellaria baicalensis,Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia splensens were subprolate in equatorial view.However,in equatorial view,the pollen shapes of Salvia farinacea was near spherical.The pollen apertures of five varieties of genus perilla,Salvia miltiorrhiza,Salvia splensens and Salvia farinacea were hexacolpate.But Scutellaria baicalensis was tricolpate.Although,the exine ornamentation of pollen grains under SEM of Perilla,Scutellaria and Salvia were reticulate,but differences occurred in shape,size of the lumina,foveolae numbers in the lumina and presence or absence of protuberance on muri of they pollen grains.The differences of pollen morphology among these three different genera of Lamiaceae were so remarkable that it would play an important role in classification of them.