人工林工程生物质量与环境影响评价

在我国人工林工程项目实施中,对于诸如地力衰退、病虫害防治、土壤水文、生境和生物多样性保护等方面缺乏必要的环境影响预测和管理的规程准备.通过对人工林工程生物质量评价因子与环境影响评价因子的判别,提出了人工林工程生物质量评价的内容、指标和方法;针对人工林工程的环境影响,论述了地力维持、水源涵养、生物多样性保护以及社会环境影响等评价内容.从长远的观点来说,人工林经营应当从生境途径、生物途径、景观途径、生态过程途径和社会经济途径等方面提供的信息中进行生物质量评价和环境影响评价,探讨不同尺度水平下人工林工程建设的多样性格局,力求模拟自然森林生态系统.

Bio-quality and Environmental Influence Assessment of Plantation

There is little preparation in China for the regulations of management and prediction of the environmental influence of plantation upon site degradation, soil hydrology, habitats and biodiversity protection, etc. On account of this, this paper identifies evaluative factors with bio-quality and environment influences of plantation and presents the content, indicators and methods of plantation bio-quality. Given the problem of evaluation, it expounds in detail the environment influences on site conservation, water conservation, biodiversity protection and social aspects. In view of long-term operation, the evaluation of bio-quality and environment influences should be conducted through biological approach, habitat approach, eco-process approach, landscape approach and social-economy approach, and furthermore, multiple patterns of plantation in various scales should be tried in order to simulate natural forest eco-systems.