甜樱桃嫁接苗与组培苗枝条抗寒生理差异分析

为探明自然休眠期间甜樱桃枝条内抗寒相关的生理生化指标变化规律,筛选樱桃抗寒性的主要鉴定指标,并比较嫁接苗和组培苗休眠期间抗寒性的差异,以甜樱桃嫁接苗（早红宝石/大窝娄叶）和组培苗（早红宝石）为研究对象,对自然休眠过程中的一年生枝条中可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸、花青素、丙二醛（MDA）等含量,过氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性等进行分析测定。结果表明,自然休眠过程中,枝条韧皮部中可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白及MDA含量呈现先增加后降低,且体内保护酶SOD活性先增强再减弱,枝条韧皮部厚度与枝条电导率呈负相关,这些均可以作为樱桃抗寒性鉴定的指标,休眠期嫁接苗和组培苗抗寒生理指标多数取样点差异不显著。自然休眠过程中嫁接苗和组培苗枝条抗寒生理指标在休眠过程中出现相似的规律,嫁接苗与组培苗的抗寒性差异不显著。因此,考虑组培苗可以在嫁接苗栽培区试用推广。

Cold Resistance Physiology Variance Analysis in Grafting and Tissue Culturing Seedlings of Sweet Cherry

The purpose of this study is to find out the difference of different kinds of sweet cherry branches of hardiness and compare the difference of cold resistance between grafted seedlings and tissue culture seedlings during dormancy. The sweet cherry biennial grafted seedlings potted (Zaohongbaoshi/Dawoluoye) and tissue culture seedlings (Zaohongbaoshi) were used as the research objects. The content of soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein, proline and anthocyanin in 1-year old branches of sweet cherry grafted seedlings and tissue culture seedlings were studied. The difference between superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in shoots were compared. The results indicated that soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein, MDA content and SOD activity in the branches during natural dormancy present increased and then decreased, and branch phloem thickness and negatively correlated with conductivity branches.These indexes could be used as a cherry cold resistance identification criteria. Hibernating most grafting sampling time points and the somaclone cold resistance index difference were not significant. The cold resistance physiological indexes of grafted seedlings and tissue culture seedlings showed a similar trend during dormancy. Cold resistance physiology indicators in grafting and tissue culturing seedlings of sweet cherry had certain differences, but no significant difference, therefore consider the tissue culturing seedlings spread in use through the grafting cultivation area.