参与式方法在小流域治理中的应用

以小流域为单元进行综合治理是当今世界各国防治水土流失的主要形式，而参与式方法的推广和运用，为小流域水土流失治理提供了一种有效途径。通过对世界银行贷款项目区参与式流域治理的应用与实施效果分析，探索参与式方法在我国黄土高原小流域治理中的作用。研究表明：运用半结构访谈和问题树的分析方法，可以有效找出制约地区发展的核心问题，为水土流失项目的开展以及不同治理模式的实施提供一个有效的途径；参与式流域治理不仅有助于实现生态环境的改善，促进农村经济社会的发展，同时对流域的生态-经济-社会可持续发展也具有重要意义。

Application of participatory approach to the small watershed management

The effective watershed management is one of the key measures to tackle the problem of soil erosion and to achieve the sustainable development in the Loess Plateau of China which is an area with the fragile eco-system and suffers the severest soil erosion.The participatory watershed management(PWM) has been extensively used worldwide in natural resource conservation and proved an effective approach to coordinate the rural development and resource conservation.In this paper,the results and impacts of participatory watershed management are analyzed through a case study in Jiajiyu Watershed.The results show that those threaten factors toward the local community development can be identified through the semi-structured interview and problem tree,which also can help us to find an effective approach to figure out different management models and implement the project of the control of soil erosion.The results also reveal that the PWM helps the local rural community to achieve the social and economic development and improve the ecologic quality as well.