黔西北地区芸豆高产栽培氮磷钾最佳施肥技术研究

为了研究芸豆对氮磷钾元素的需求规律，探索芸豆高产稳产的最佳施肥技术，提出相应的优化栽培措施，挖掘单产潜力，提高芸豆综合生产能力，以氮、磷、钾三因素施用量为研究对象，采用二次正交旋转设计，进行三因素五水平栽培试验。结果表明，在黔西北高海拔特殊生态区，高产芸豆品种‘京小黑’产量要获3400 kg/hm2以上时，栽培措施为：纯N 93.57~117.64 kg/hm2、P2O5 192.33~257.67 kg/hm2、K2O 101.90~148.10 kg/hm2；三因素对‘京小黑’芸豆产量的影响程度大小依次为N肥 > K肥 > P肥，少量的氮肥施用量会引起产量的较大幅度变化，其次是钾肥和磷肥。

Study on Optimum Application of N, P and K Fertilizers in Kidney Bean of Northwest Guizhou

Using the quadratic orthogonal revolving experiment of three factors and four levels, the effects of amount of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorous fertilizer and potassium fertilizer on yield of ＇ Jingxiaohei ＇ variety were studied to need of the N, P, K elements of the kidney bean, in order to explore high yield and stead of the kidney best fertilizer technique, and put forward the corresponding optimization cultivation measures, excavation yield potential, improve the comprehensive production capacity of kidney bean. The results showed that： in particular ecological areas of northwest Guizhou, if the yield of ＇ Jingxiaohei ＇ beyond 3400 kg/hm 2 , the cultivation measures of N 93.57-117.64 kg/hm 2 , P 2 O 5 192.33-257.67 kg/hm 2 , K 2 O 101.90-148.10 kg/hm 2 should be taken. Analysis showed that, the order of contributive rate of each factor was N K 2 O P 2 O 5 on yield effect. It was found the key technique was the amount of N, and the second important role was the K 2 O and P 2 O 5 on yield effect of ＇ Jingxiaohei ＇ variety.