Use of CD134 as a primary receptor by the feline immunodeficiency virus |
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Authors: | Shimojima Masayuki Miyazawa Takayuki Ikeda Yasuhiro McMonagle Elizabeth L Haining Hayley Akashi Hiroomi Takeuchi Yasuhiro Hosie Margaret J Willett Brian J |
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Institution: | Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. |
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Abstract: | Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) induces a disease similar to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in cats, yet in contrast to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), CD4 is not the viral receptor. We identified a primary receptor for FIV as CD134 (OX40), a T cell activation antigen and costimulatory molecule. CD134 expression promotes viral binding and renders cells permissive for viral entry, productive infection, and syncytium formation. Infection is CXCR4-dependent, analogous to infection with X4 strains of HIV. Thus, despite the evolutionary divergence of the feline and human lentiviruses, both viruses use receptors that target the virus to a subset of cells that are pivotal to the acquired immune response. |
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