塔里木河中、下游生态移民在下游生态与环境的恢复和重建中的作用探讨

将自然保护区、交通和通讯不发达的边缘区、生态环境脆弱区和自然灾害多发区的农牧民,移往自然环境条件较好、公路交通及通讯发达、接近城镇的地区,不但可以改善和提高这些居民的生活水平,更重要的是对迁出区的自然生态环境保护,特别是珍稀野生动植物的生存和自然繁殖有十分积极的作用。在生态脆弱的新疆地区,通过有步骤、有计划地实施生态移民工程,无疑是解决生态退化和农牧民生活困难的最佳选择。塔里木河中、下游生态脆弱区的移民政策对缓解塔里木河中游生态质量恶化,维持下游绿色走廊生机,改善生态环境现状,提高农牧民生活水平,发展当地经济都有着积极的作用和深远的影响。本文作者于2004年5月,2006年5月和2006年10月三次对塔河中、下游地区进行实地考察,获得了第一手资料,结合前人研究的资料,阐述了塔里木河下游生态环境现状,揭示了塔里木河中、下游生态移民对维持下游绿色走廊生机,改善生态环境现状,发展当地经济中的意义。

The Study on the Ecological Immigration's Function in The Recovering And Rebuilding of Lower Reaches of Tarim River's Ecological Environment

There are many advantages for farmers living in natural protective zone immigrating to the area where natural environment condition is good,highway communications and telecommunications are very convenient,near cities and towns.It is not only improve and raise living level of these residents but also important for natural ecological environment protection of emigration area and especially play an active role for rare animal and plant survival and natural propagation.The immigration policy in ecological fragile region has positive and far-reaching effect which can mitigate the eco-environmental deterioration of Tarim River watershed, sustaining the animation of "The Green Corridor",improving eco-environmental situation,enhancing people's living conditions as well as developing regional economics.In this paper the eco-environmental situation in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River is analyzed,the meaning of ecological immigration to in the sustaining animation of the " Green Corridor",improving eco-environmental situation as well as developing regional economics are stated based on the site investigation.