施用不同配比肥料对番木瓜产量与品质的影响

为探讨不同氮磷钾配合施肥对海南地区番木瓜产量和品质的影响,在海南儋州地区进行了氮磷钾不同配比施肥试验。结果表明:施肥可增加番木瓜的产量,不同氮磷钾的施肥组合有不同的增产效果,增产率变化在25.30%~69.08%之间。其中氮的增产效果最好,磷肥次之,钾肥最差。结合氮、磷、钾各水平的增产情况和经济效益分析,认为N 340 g/株、P2O5470 g/株和K2O 340 g/株为番木瓜高产的推荐配方。番木瓜不同品质指标对氮磷钾不同水平组合的响应不同。施肥显著增加单果重,增幅在5.92%~23.64%之间。钾对单果重的贡献优于磷,氮最差。尽管施肥没有造成番木瓜大多品质指标上的显著差异,但从各品质指标与各元素水平之间的变化趋势关系上给出施肥建议是,番木瓜要维持较高品质,必须慎施氮肥,多施磷、钾肥。结合经济效益和环保因素,从理论上N 210 g/株、P2O5210 g/株和K2O 340 g/株为番木瓜优质的推荐配方。

Effect of Different Fertilization on Yield and Quality of Papaya

To study the effects of different N, P and K fertilization on the yield and quality of papaya, an experiment was conducted in Danzhou City, Hainan Province. The results showed that the application of fertilizers could increase the yield of papaya from 25.30% to 69.08%. The yield-increasing effects of different fertilizer elements were different, which was in the order N, P and K. Considering the production situation and the economic benefit, balanced fertilization with N 340, P2O5 470 and K2O 340 g/plant was recommended for papaya to get higher yield. The quality-improving effects of different fertilizer elements were different. The significant increase in single fruit weight after fertilizztion was from 5.92% to 23.64%. which was in the order K, P and N. There was no significant difference on the quality of papaya mostly by fertilization, but the fertilizer recommendation was given based on the variation trend of the relationship between the quality indices and the element levels. To maintain high quality, more attention should be paid to the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and more phosphate and potash fertilizers shoulb be applied. Combined with the economic and environmental factors, it was concluded that balanced fertilization with N 210, P2O5 210 and K2O 340 g/plant was recommended for papaya to get higher quality.