苗期施用EM菌肥对玉米生长发育及产量的影响

为了解苗期施用EM菌肥对玉米生长发育及产量的影响，解决“一年两熟区”种子包衣条件下的EM菌肥高效使用问题，于玉米4叶1心期，在山西南部对地力旺微生物菌肥EM进行了用量及配水量试验。结果表明，苗期喷施EM菌肥，能显著促进夏玉米的生长发育，其农艺性状与产量构成因素明显改善、产量显著提高。与喷540 kg清水比，45 kg/hm2 EM+水540 kg/hm2处理玉米单叶面积增加8.29%，差异显著；穗长增加8.57%，差异极显著，穗粒数增加15.14%，差异显著，产量增幅达18.5%，差异极显著。与喷1080 kg 清水比，60 kg/hm2 EM+水1080 kg/hm2处理的株高、茎粗、茎节数、果穗高度、叶面积均增加，差异极显著；45 kg/hm2 EM+水1080 kg/hm2处理的穗长、穗粗、穗粒数、单穗重、公顷穗数、产量增加均达极显著水平，产量最高，增产幅度达35.8%。

The Effect of Praying EM Fertilizer on Growth and Yield at Seeding Stage of Maize

In order to investigate the effects of EM fertilizer on the maize (Zea mays L.) growth and yield, and furthermore to solve the using problems of the corn seed coated in double growing area effectively, the usage of EM fertilizer amount and water volume on four-leaf maize were studied in the south of Shanxi Province. The results showed that, spraying EM fertilizer during seedling stage on summer maize could enhance the growth and development, improved the agronomic traits, the yield components obviously and increased the yield significantly. Compared with spraying of 540 kg water, the 45 kg/hm2 EM fertilizer +540 kg/hm2 H2O treatment could increase significantly on the area of leaf (8.29%), the seeds per ear (15.14%) and highly significant on the ear length (8.57%), the yield by 18.5%. Compared with spraying of 1080 kg water, The 60 kg/hm2 EM fertilizer +1080 kg/hm2 H2O treatment could increase the high of plant, the stem diameter, the internode number, the height of ear, the area of leaf highly significant. The 45 kg/hm2 EM+1080 kg/hm2 H2O treatment could increase the length of ear, the ear diameter, seeds per ear, the weight per ear, the ear number of per hectare, the yield highly significant. The yield could increase 35.8%, which was the best.