2010年西藏小麦条锈菌生理小种群体结构与分析

西藏地区是中国相对独立的小麦种植区,小麦条锈病是西藏冬小麦上最重要的病害.长期以来,对西藏小麦条锈菌生理小种群体结构缺乏全面系统的了解.为了弄清西藏小麦条锈菌生理小种群体结构,本研究从西藏地区小麦条锈病发生的关键地区采集并鉴定了小麦条锈菌标样261份.西藏地区小麦条锈菌群体结构复杂,小种类型数多,主要优势小种以CYR32和CYR33为主,水源11类群为优势类群,Hybrid46类群结构简单,未发现CYR32以外的类型；CYR32之前的小种数较多、其中CYR17、CYR20、CYR31出现频率较高；西藏小麦条锈菌群体结构与内地有着较大的相似性,同时也有其自身的独特性,表现西藏小麦条锈菌优势小种组成与四川、云南两省相似,与青海省差异较大.推测西藏地区小麦条锈菌与四川和云南省存在较密切的菌源交流,与青海省交流较少.

Population structure and analysis of Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici race in Tibet in 2010

Wheat stripe rust is the most important disease on winter wheat in Tibet,an independent region of wheat cultivation in China.For a long time,there is no information on population structure of Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici race in Tibet.In order to understand the population structure of P.striiformis f.sp.tritici race in Tibet,two hundred and sixty one samples of wheat stripe rust were sampled and identified in 2010.The results showed that the population structure of P.striiformis f.sp.tritici race in Tibet was complicated.Many types of races,including CYR32,CYR33,Shui11,Hybrid46,CYR17,CYR20,and CYR31,were found.Dominant races were CYR32 and CYR33.Dominant population was Shui11 group.The population structure of Hybrid46 group only including CYR32 was simple.Frequency of races including CYR17,CYR20,and CYR31 was high.The population structure of races in Tibet was very similar with that in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces in China,but had its unique characteristics.It showed big difference compared with that in Qinghai Province.Therefore,the P.striiformis f.sp.tritici in Tibet might be frequently exchanged with those in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces,but little was exchanged with those in Qinghai.