川中丘区不同耕作处理对玉米干物质积累转运和产量的影响

以"正红311"为材料,单因素随机区组设计,在川中丘区自然干旱条件下进行露地平栽(T1)、稻草覆盖平栽(T2)、地膜覆盖平栽(T3)、顺坡垄作地膜覆盖(T4)、顺坡膜侧栽培(T5)和露地横坡垄作(T6)共6种不同耕作处理对玉米干物质积累运转及产量影响的田间试验。结果表明,在玉米吐丝期和成熟期,T3、T4、T5等处理干物质积累量以及籽粒干重明显较高,而且T4、T5处理的单株干物质和茎鞘干物质转运量及其对籽粒的贡献率均显著高于T1、T2、T6等处理。T3、T4、T5等处理之间的单位面积籽粒产量差异较小,但均显著高于T1、T2、T6处理。基于简化栽培考虑,膜侧栽培和地膜覆盖平播处理是较好的春玉米耕作栽培方式。

Effect of Different Tillage Treatments on the Accumulation of Dry Matter and Yield of Maize in the Middle of Sichuan Hilly Basin

In this field experiment,single radom-plot design was conducted to study the effect of six tillage treatments including T1(flat-planting),T2(flat-planting with straw mulching),T3(flat-planting with plastic film mulching),T4(straight bed-planting with plastic film mulching),T5(planting on the side of plastic film mulching) and T6(bed-planting cross slope) on yield and dry matter accumulation of maize c.v.zheng-hong 311 under the conditions of natural drought in the Middle of Sichuan hilly basin.The results showed that the treatments with plastic film mulching(T3,T4,T5) caused relatively higher dry matter accumulation and grain weight.Furthermore,the plant dry matter,stem and leaf transport value and the contribution rates to grain of T4,T5 treatments were significantly higher than those of T1,T2,T6 treatments.All the treatments with plastic film mulching(T3,T4,T5) had little difference in grain yield,but they were significantly higher than T1,T2,T6 treatments.Taking simplified cultivation into consideration,T3 and T5 treatments are better tillage ways in spring maize.