淮北砂姜黑土区氮钾配施对小麦产量及氮、钾养分吸收利用的影响

为给淮北砂姜黑土区小麦生产中氮、钾肥的科学施用提供理论与技术依据,采用田间试验研究了不同氮、钾水平(N:180、240、300、360 kg·hm~(-2);K:90、135、180 kg·hm~(-2))对小麦产量、氮钾养分吸收利用以及肥料效益的影响。结果表明:(1)N_(240)K_(180)处理下小麦产量为7 686 kg·hm~(-2),比低氮低钾(N_(180)K_(90))处理的小麦产量显著提高7.24%,与高氮高钾(N_(360)K_(180))处理的小麦产量无显著性差异;(2)氮、钾肥配比施用时两者存在正交互作用,该交互作用与小麦产量呈极显著正相关,对产量的贡献率为14.06%,且提高了氮、钾肥的偏生产力;(3)与低氮低钾(N_(180)K_(90))处理相比,N_(240)K_(180)处理下小麦植株体内氮、钾素含量分别提高14.67%和29.53%。综合考虑小麦产量和肥料效益,本研究条件下淮北砂姜黑土区适宜的氮(N)、钾(K_2O)肥施用量分别为240 kg·hm~(-2)和180 kg·hm~(-2)。

Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen and Potassiumon on Yield and Nutrient Accumulation of Wheat in Huaibei Lime Concretion Black Soil Area,China

To provide theoretical and technical basis for the scientific application of nitrogen(N)and potassium(K)fertilizer in wheat crop-ping in Huaibei lime concretion black soil area, a field experiment was performed to study the effects of different N and K treatments(N:180, 240, 300, 360 kg·hm-2;K:90, 135, 180 kg·hm-2)on wheat yields, absorption of N and K, and fertilizer benefits. The results showed that:(1) The wheat yield under application of N240 K180 reached 7686 kg·hm-2, which was significantly increased by 7.24%comparing with that under N180 K90, and there was no significant differences between the yields under N240 K180 and N360 K180;(2)Compared with the contents of N and K in wheat under N180 K90, those under N240 K180 were significantly increased by 14.67%and 29.53%, respectively;(3)There was a positive interac-tion between the application of N and K fertilizer, and the interaction was significantly correlated with wheat yield at a contribution rate of 14.06%, which consequently increased the partial productivities of N and K fertilizer. Considering wheat yield and fertilizer benefit, the opti-mum application amounts of N and K2O fertilizer were 240 kg·hm-2和180 kg·hm-2 in Huaibei lime concretion black soil area.