不同生长期苦瓜对瓜实蝇产卵选择的影响

瓜实蝇(Bactrocera cucurbitae)是苦瓜(Momordica charantia)的一种重要入侵性害虫,评估其在不同生长期苦瓜上的产卵偏好,旨在摸清该虫的防治适期。本研究选取了不同生长期的苦瓜,通过设定选择性和非选择性测试,在室内研究了不同生长期损伤和未损伤的苦瓜对瓜实蝇产卵偏好的影响。结果表明:不同生长期的苦瓜显著影响了瓜实蝇的产卵偏好。针对无损伤的苦瓜,瓜实蝇偏好在谢花2~5和6~8 d后的苦瓜上产卵;针对损伤的苦瓜,除谢花1 d的苦瓜外,瓜实蝇在其它生长期苦瓜上的产卵偏好无显著性差异。基于本研究,对于无损伤的苦瓜,谢花2~8 d是预防和防治瓜实蝇的关键时期;而苦瓜一旦损伤,除谢花1 d外所有生长期均应提防瓜实蝇的为害。

Effect of Momordica charantia at Different Growth Periods on the Oviposition Preference of Melon Fly Bactrocera cucurbitae

The melon fly Bactrocera cucurbitae is an important alien-invasive insect pest of bitter gourd Momordica charantia. Evaluating the oviposition preference of B. cucurbitae is aimed to clarify the optimum control period. The undamaged and injured gourds' effect on the oviposition preference of B. cucurbitae was analyzed under laboratory conditions using choice and no-choice tests. The results showed that the gourd at different growth periods significantly affect the oviposition preference of B. cucurbitae. For undamaged gourd, the melon flies preferred laying eggs on the 2-5 days old gourds and 6-8 days old gourds after flower falls. For injured gourd, B. cucurbitae has no significant oviposition preferences on bitter gourd at all the growth periods except the 1 day old gourds after flower falls. The best prevention period of melon flies was 2~8 days after flowers falled for undamaged gourd. For injured gourd, the melon flies should be prevented at all the growth periods expect the 1 day after flowers fall.