基于生态适宜性的唐县城乡居民点用地优化研究

为促进城乡建设与生态保护协调发展,实现唐县城乡居民点用地合理优化,利用最小累积阻力模型获取生态安全保护分区,运用GeoSOS-FLUS模型预测城乡居民点用地变化,分析未来城乡居民点演变与生态安全格局的互动关系,并从生态保护与建设角度探寻县域城乡居民点生态适宜性空间特征,结合ACO模型进行了唐县城乡居民点空间布局优化。结果表明:(1)唐县整体生态安全值偏低,呈西北低、东南高的空间分异特征;(2)在自然发展情景下,2027年唐县城乡居民点用地总面积增加6.67 km²,城乡居民点空间扩张集中在低生态安全保护区和较低生态安全保护区,未来将对唐县生态安全逐渐产生威胁;(3)城乡居民点生态适宜性分区可划分为高度适宜区、较适宜区、中等适宜区、较不适宜区和不适宜区,分别占唐县总面积的2.83%,15.39%,17.02%,64.76%; 优化后,城乡居民点呈现出向适宜性较高区域迁移的趋势,大部分呈规模集聚分布,城乡居民点布局总体上趋于紧凑。从生态保护与建设角度优化城乡居民点空间布局,更符合生态文明建设和乡村振兴战略背景下城乡居民点的发展要求,可为未来唐县城乡居民点的规划发展提供科学参考。

Research on Optimization of Urban-Rural Residential Land in Tang County Based on Ecological Suitability

In order to promote the coordinated development of urban and rural construction and ecological protection,and realize the rational optimization of urban-rural residential land use in Tang County,we used the least cumulative resistance model to obtain ecological security protection zones,and used the GeoSOS-FLUS model to predict the urban-rural residential land use change,analyzed the interactive relationship between the evolution of urban-rural residential land and the pattern of ecological security in the future,and explored the spatial characteristics of ecological suitability of urban-rural residential land in the county from the perspective of ecological protection and construction,optimized the spatial layout of urban-rural residential land in Tang County by combining the ACO model.The results show that:(1)the overall ecological security value of Tang County is on the low point,showing the characteristics of spatial differentiation between low in the northwest and high in the southeast;(2)in the natural development scenario,the total area of urban-rural residential land in Tang County will increase by 6.67 km² by 2027,and the spatial expansion of urban-rural residential land is concentrated in low ecological security protection areas and lower ecological security protection areas,which will gradually threaten the ecological security of Tang County in the future;(3)the ecological suitability zoning of urban-rural residential land can be divided into highly suitable areas,more suitable areas,medium suitable areas,less suitable areas and unsuitable areas,accounting for 2.83%,15.39%,17.02%and 64.76%of the total area of Tang County,respectively;after optimization,the urban-rural residential land will show a tendency to migrate to areas with higher suitability,most of the urban-rural residential land will show large-scale agglomeration distribution,and the overall layout of urban-rural residential land will tend to be compact.Optimizing the spatial layout of urban-rural residential land from the perspective of ecological protection and construction is more in line with the development requirements of urban-rural residential land under the background of ecological civilization construction and rural revitalization strategies,and can provide a scientific reference for the future planning and development of urban-rural residential land in Tang County.