徽州聚落水系景观空间秩序特征及对当代乡建理水启示

水系景观空间作为徽州水文化重要载体,蕴含了古徽州先民们在对水资源的利用过程中的理水智慧。徽州聚落水系景观空间秩序与特征分析表明:徽州聚落选址规律分布与徽州水系等级、水系距离和水系周边环境有着很强的关联性;徽州地区水系可分为条形、曲线形、凹形以及交叉形四类,不同的水系形态造就了聚落与水系不同的空间关系;聚落内部可按形态不同分为面状、线状和点状水系空间,这些要素与周边其他要素组合形成不同的景观空间层次。在当下乡村振兴建设中,徽州聚落的水系环境建设仍需保持自然生态的特征而发挥其长久的生命力。

Spatial Order Characteristics of Water System Landscape in Huizhou Settlement and Its Inspiration to Contemporary Rural Water Management

As an essential carrier of Huizhou water culture, the space of water system landscape embodies the hydrological wisdom of ancient Huizhou people in the process of utilizing water resources. Analysis of the order and characteristics of water landscape space in Huizhou settlement indicates a strong correlation among the location distribution pattern of Huizhou settlement, the grade and distance of water system, and the surrounding environment of water system. The water system in Huizhou can be classified into four types: strip-shaped, curve-shaped, concave-shaped, and intersecting-shaped, and these diverse shapes create different spatial relationships between the settlement and water system. Internal water system spaces in the settlement can be categorized as planar, linear, and dot-like according to their structures, and these elements, combined with other surrounding factors, form different levels of the landscape space. In the current rural revitalization, the construction of water environment in Huizhou settlement should keep the characteristics of natural ecology and thus maintain its long-term vitality.