湘江流域岳麓山周边地区地表水体水化学特征及灌溉适宜性

目的] 对湘江流域岳麓山地区地表水体进行水化学特征分析及灌溉适宜性评价，为该地区的生态环境保护及水资源综合管理的科学决策提供理论支持。方法] 以岳麓山周边地区为研究区，从2020年12月至2021年11月采集降水、山涧溪水和湘江河水水样，利用Piper图、Gibbs图、端元图等方法，分析各水体水化学特征以及影响因素。结果] 降水主要阴阳离子为Ca²⁺，K⁺，SO^2-₄和NO^-₃，无明显水化学类型；山涧溪水主要阴阳离子为Ca²⁺和NO^-₃，主要水化学类型为Cl-Ca·Mg型和Cl-Ca型；湘江河水主要阴阳离子为Ca²⁺和HCO^-₃，主要水化学类型为HCO₃-Ca型。山涧溪水主要受大气降水输入和碳酸盐岩风化控制；湘江河水受碳酸盐岩风化作用影响较大。结论] Na⁺离子含量，SAR和RSC指标以及其绘制USSL图和Wilcox图分析结果较好，山涧溪水和湘江河水适合用于灌，不易引起盐害或碱害。

Water Chemical Characteristics and Irrigation Suitability of Surface Water in Areas Around Yuelu Mountain in Xiangjiang River Basin

Objective] The water chemical characteristics and irrigation suitability evaluation of surface water body in areas around Yuelu Mountain in Xiangjiang River basin were analyzed in order to provide theoretical support for ecological environment protection and scientific decision-making of integrated water resources management in this area. Methods] The study was conducted in the area around Yuelu Mountain. Water samples of precipitation, mountainous creek water, and Xiangjiang River water were collected from December 2020 to November 2021. The water chemical characteristics and factors influencing each water body were analyzed by using Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, end-member diagram, etc. Results] The main anions and cations of precipitation were Ca²⁺, K⁺, SO^2-₄, and NO^-₃, with no obvious water chemical type. The main anions and cations of mountainous creek water were Ca²⁺ and NO^-₃, and the water chemical types were Cl-Ca·Mg and Cl-Ca. The main anions and cations of Xiangjiang River water were Ca²⁺ and HCO^-₃, and the water chemical type was HCO₃-Ca. Mountainous creek water was primarily influenced by atmospheric precipitation and carbonate rock weathering, whereas Xiangjiang River water was more influenced by carbonate rock weathering. Conclusion] Na⁺%, SAR, and RSC indexes, and the USSL diagram and Wilcox diagram results were good. The mountainous creek water and Xiangjiang River water in the areas around Yuelu Mountain are suitable for irrigation and are not prone to salt or alkali damage.