黄河兴县段盐风化地貌植被调查及物种多样性分析

为了研究黄河兴县段盐风化地貌的植被在温带大陆性气候下的多样性，为此地区开发旅游业提供科学支撑，使用样方法共设8个样地，对此地区的植被进行调查并收集数据，计算物种多样性指数，再使用主成分分析法和聚类分析法进行分析验证。结果表明，物种多样性指数反映出5号样地的各项指数最高，6号样地的各项指数最低。通过主成分分析法提取出1个主成分，且累积贡献率达到了96.258%，综合得分排序为5、4、2、1、3、8、7、6号样地，而聚类分析中将1～5号样地归为一类，6～8号样地归为一类，两者相互佐证。由分析数据与实际地形可知，1～5号样地的地形较为复杂，有山地、盐风化地、平原，且受人为干扰较少，也可能是旅游开发时对此地物种与地貌进行了保护；而6～8号样地属于平原地带，人为干扰较大，导致物种的丰富度相对较差。因此，兴县未来开发旅游业时应注重保护地貌景观与植被。

Relationship between salt weathered landform vegetation and climate in Xingxian section of the Yellow River

Objective] o study the diversity of vegetation in salt weathered landform in Xingxian section of the Yellow River under temperate continental climate, so as to provide scientific support for the development of tourism in this area.Methods] The vegetation in this area was investigated by sampling method, the data were collected, and the species diversity index was calculated, which was analyzed and verified by principal component analysis and cluster analysis.Results] It can be seen from the species diversity index that the indexes of sample plot 5 are the highest and those of sample plot 6 are the lowest. A principal component was extracted from the principal component analysis method, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 96.258%. The comprehensive scores were sorted into plots 5, 4, 2, 1, 3, 8, 7 and 6, while plots 5, 4, 2, 1 and 3 were divided into one class and plots 8, 7 and 6 were divided into one class in the cluster analysis, which proved each other.Conclusion] According to the analysis data and the actual terrain, the terrain of sample plots 1~5 is relatively complex, including mountains, salt weathered lands, plains and less human interference. It may also be that the species and landforms here have been protected during tourism development. However, sample plots 6~8 belong to the plain area, and the human intervention is large, so the species richness is relatively poor. This also warns that when developing tourism in Xingxian County in the future, we must protect the landscape and vegetation.