豌豆上潜叶蝇及其寄生蜂时间生态位研究

 调查了豌豆上不同时间潜叶蝇及其寄生蜂的种类及数量分布，应用Levin的生态位宽度指数和Hurlbert的生态位重叠指数对各种潜叶蝇和寄生蜂的时间生态位进行定量分析。评价了寄生蜂对潜叶蝇的时间跟随效应和控制效果。研究表明，在豌豆上南美斑潜蝇［Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchar)］和豌豆彩潜蝇［Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau)］ ［异名 Phytomyza atricornis Meigen，P. nigricornis horticola (Gourean) ］种间竞争较小，普金姬小蜂［C. pubicomis (Zetterstedt)］、潜蝇姬小蜂［Diglyphus isaea (Walker)］、攀金姬小蜂［Chrysocharis pentheus (Walker)］、芙新姬小蜂［Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood)］对豌豆彩潜蝇有较强的时间跟随作用和控制效果，淡足潜蝇茧蜂［Opius pallipes (Wesmael)］对南美斑潜蝇有较强的控制效果。

The Research on the Time Niche of Leaf-Mining Flies and It''''s Parasites on Pea

The species and number of leaf-mining flies and its Parasites were investigated on different time,and quantitative analysis were did for the time niche of leaf-mining flies and its Parasites by Levin's Index of niche breadth and Hurlbert's Index of niche overlap,and the time following effect and control effect of the parasites to leaf-mining flies also appraised.The results indicated that,the less inter-competition happened between Liriomyza huidobrensis(Blanchar) and Chromatomyia horticola(Goureau)[Synornym Phytomyza atricornis(Meigen) or P.nigricornis horticola(Gourean)].The time following effect and control effect of C.pubicomis(Zetterstedt),Diglyphus isaea(Walker),Chrysocharis pentheus(Walker) and Neochrysocharis Formosa(Westwood) to Chromatomyia horticola(Goureau),and Opius pallipes(Wesmael) to Liriomyza huidobrensis(Blanchar) were effective.