西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼资源及其对环境响应的研究进展

阿根廷滑柔鱼（Illex argentinus）是短生命周期的大洋性浅海种，是西南大西洋重要的经济头足类，其年间产量差异明显，波动较大。西南大西洋马尔维纳斯寒流和巴西暖流交汇区复杂多变的海洋结构是引起阿根廷滑柔鱼资源变动的重要因素之一。其中，海洋环境因素对阿根廷滑柔鱼早期生活史、种群结构、繁殖、年龄与生长、营养级等生物学习性产生重要影响。此外，阿根廷滑柔鱼的资源丰度与空间位置对中尺度的海洋环境与大尺度气候变化极为敏感，会因其变动迅速做出响应。经归纳与分析，本文认为，探究环境因素对阿根廷滑柔鱼的影响时，除各尺度的非生物因素外，还应考虑生物因素的影响和种群内部动力过程，并建立基于个体的海洋动力学模型，探究阿根廷滑柔鱼完整生活史以及评估环境对其资源变动的影响，为其资源的合理开发和管理提供依据。

A review of Illex argentinus resources and the responses to environmental variability in the southwest Atlantic Ocean

Illex argentinus is a short-lived and economically important squid species inhabiting shallow waters in the southwest Atlantic Ocean. The annual production of I. argentinus fluctuates and varies between years. Complex oceanographic structuring due to the confluence of the Malvinas cold current and the Brazilian warm current in the southwest Atlantic Ocean is a crucial factor driving the spatial and temporal variations in I. argentinus resources. The marine environmental conditions have profound effects on the biological characteristics of I. argentinus, influencing the early life history, population structure, reproduction, age and growth, and trophic level. Also, the abundance and spatial distribution of I. argentinus are sensitive to meso-scale oceanic environmental changes and large-scale climate variability, so squids respond quickly to climatic and environmental variations. This study suggests that the biological factors and internal dynamic processes of the population and the abiotic factors at various spatio-temporal scales need to be considered when evaluating the effects of the environmental factors on I. argentinus. To provide a scientific basis for the development and management of I. argentinus resources, an individual-based model of I. argentinus life history and the oceanographic processes should be developed.