植被培育抗旱分析

随着气候的演变,植被培育面临严峻的干旱缺水形势。为进一步增强抗旱的主动性和有效性,主要以作物栽培为背景,重点论述了有关抗旱的基础问题。通过分析干旱的特点、表现形式、区域差异、相对性、降水和灌溉水的利用状况、应对干旱的策略等,以明晰抗旱的依据。认为土壤水分亏缺是干旱的主要表征;土壤干旱的滞后性,也即和大气干旱的非同步性,是抗旱的一个重要依据。通过对抗旱途径的讨论,细分出避旱、御旱二个方面,并且认为御旱应当是正常的生产方式。抗旱具有高效、节约用水的特征,直接抗旱和间接抗旱都是必要的。最后,还补充阐述了水文干旱、降水资源化利用的意义。

Analysis on Fighting against Drought for Vegetation Cultivation

There is a severe drought situation for vegetation cultivation with the climatic evolution.In order to further enhance initiative and effectiveness of drought relief,crop cultivation was taken as a main background to emphatically deal with basic problems about drought relief in this paper.Drought characteristics,occurrence forms,regional difference,relativity,use status of precipitation and irrigation water,and drought-relief tactics are analyzed for making the foundation of drought relief clear.It is considered that soil water deficiency would be a chief expression of drought,and the lag of soil drought,i.e.no synchronization of it with atmosphere drought would be an important ground for drought relief.By presenting drought-relief ways,two aspects drought escape and drought avoidance are divided from the drought relief in a narrow sense.It is believed that drought avoidance should become regular practices.Drought relief is characterized by efficient and economical utilization of water.Direct drought relief and indirect drought relief are all necessary.At last,the significance of hydrological drought and treatment of precipitation as a resource were expounded additionally.