农村闲置废弃宅基地复垦耕种方式研究

笔者以玉米、大豆为材料,采用裸地、薄膜覆盖、秸杆覆盖和玉米间作大豆等不同的耕种方式,探讨了农村闲置废弃宅基地复垦种植模式。结果表明:(1)在不同耕种方式中,玉米株高、叶面积指数、穗粒数、穗位、穗长等主要农艺性状和玉米产量之间存在显著相关关系,相关系数分别为0.882、0.913、0.895、0.731和0.642。盖膜种植能显著地促进玉米生长发育,增加植株高度,增大叶面积指数,并使穗粒数、穗长和穗粒增加,穗位提高,间作大豆在一定程度上改变了玉米生长发育规律。(2)秸杆覆盖和玉米间作大豆耕种方式,不仅可以提高地温,保水蓄肥,而且还能增加土壤腐殖质含量,改善土壤理化性质,培肥土壤,因此是农村闲置废弃宅基地复垦种植的主要模式。(3)复垦农村闲置废弃宅基地,探索作物新的栽培种植模式,对于合理利用土地资源,促进社会主义新农村建设具有重要的理论和现实意义。

Study on the Reclaiming and Cultivating Pattern of Rural Idled and Disused Subsistence Homestead Land

In this paper,the reclaiming and cultivating corn''s patterns of rural idled and disused subsistence homestead land were studied by the treatments of bare land,polythene mulch,straw mulch and cultivating corn intercropped with soybean.The results indicated as follows:(1)Among different treatments corn''s height,leaf area index,grains per ear,ear''s position and ear''s length were all correlated with yield significantly.The coefficients were respectively 0.882,0.913,0.895,0.731 and 0.642.Polythene mulch could enhance height,leaf area index,grains per ear,ear''s position,ear''s length and ear''s parameter.Corn intercropping with soybean modified corn''s growing and reproducing law to some extend.(2) Straw mulch and corn intercropping with soybean could not only enhance temperature,keep water and conserve fertility in soil but also increase the content of soil''s substance spoiled,develop soil''s physical and chemical properties,and improve soil''s fertile.So they were the main reclaiming and cultivating pattern of the rural idled and disused subsistence homestead land.(3) Reclaiming and cultivating rural wasteland as well as researching new crop cultivating pattern would have theoretical and real important meaning in properly utilizing land resource and establishing new socialist countryside.