栽培措施对粮饲兼用型玉米粗纤维积累的影响

采用3因素最优饱和设计,系统地研究了氮肥、磷肥与种植密度3因素对不同收获时期粮饲兼用玉米粗纤维变化的影响。结果表明,散粉至乳熟期,各器官粗纤维含量均呈增加趋势,器官间以茎鞘粗纤维含量最高,叶片和雌穗相差不大。随着密度、施氮量和施磷量增加,叶片、茎鞘中粗纤维分配量呈下降趋势,而雌穗中粗纤维分配量以中等密度和施氮、磷量水平下较低。从营养品质角度考虑,呼和浩特地区粮饲兼用型玉米适宜的收获期为乳熟末期,优化栽培措施为种植密度5200￣5700株/hm2,施氮量(纯氮)260￣330kg/hm2,施磷量(P2O5)110￣150kg/hm2。

Effects of Different Cultivation Measures on Crude Fiber Accumulation of Grain and Forage Maize

In this trial, effects of N fertilizer amount, P fertilizer amount and plant density to crude fiber of grain and forage maize in different harvest periods were studied, applying 3 factors optimum saturation designing. It showed crude fiber contents in all organs increased from the scattering stage to the milk stage. Crude fiber content was higher in stems and it had no much difference in leaves and spikes. With the increase of N, P and density, the crude fiber accumulation were dropped in leaves, stems and spikes, and the accumulation in spikes was lower in middle treatment of density and N and P amounts. From nutrient angel, the best harvest period is end milk stage, and the suitable density is 5200~5700 plant/hm2, the suitable N and P amounts were 270~350 kg/hm2 and 100~140 kg/hm2 in Hohhot.