基于能值分析的甘肃农业生态经济系统发展态势及可持续发展对策

运用能值分析方法,对甘肃农业生态经济系统的能值产投结构、能值指标进行了计算,井从纵向和横向的比较中对甘肃农业生态经济系统发展水平进行了诊断.分析表明:(1)甘肃省自然资源相对丰富,经济发展的资源基础相对雄厚,但由于对本地资源的过分依赖,加之购买能值投入的严重不足,导致甘肃本地资源得不到有效的利用,农业经济发展程度不高,是一种高资源消耗型经济发展模式;(2)农业生态经济系统的封闭性较强,不符合农业可持续发展的需求.土地生产力水平较低,人均能值用量较低;(3)经济总量还不够大,经济发展中应用的资源能值有很大部分来自本区环境和资源系统而无需付费.农业生态经济系统仍属于资源消耗型,但由于人口众多,入均占有纯能值量较低,且生产和管理过程的科技含量较低,存在着资源的浪费和破坏,系统对干环境的压力较大.因此必须通过增加系统投入,保护环境资源,优化投入结构,调整农业产业结构,依靠科学技术等,以实现甘肃农业可持续发展.

Energy based analysis of developmental situation and countermeasures for sustainable development of agricultural eco-economic systems of Gansu

Based on the theory of energy analysis,this article investigates quantitatively the energy flow of agricultural eco-economic systems in Gansu Province.Through the research,following results and suggestions are presented:(1) The energy self-sufficiency ratio of Gansu is 99.27%.It means that Gansu agricultural eco-economic systems rely mainly on the local resources.The Gansu agricultural eco-economic systems are not open and sustainable.On the other hand,there is a great potentiality to develop the resources of Gansu.So,attraction of more foreign energy is a very important tactic to the sustainable development of Gansu.(2) The energy density is much lower,which shows that Gansu is an agricultural area.Unrenewable resources amount for 81.11% of its total energy use,which shows that agricultural eco-economic systems development is mostly depended on the contribution of raw materials.So Gansu should speed up to develop knowledge concentrated industry for future sustainable development.(3) Net loss of top soil energy is 1.43×1022 sej.It is 18.72% of total energy use of Gansu,which shows that soil loss is a very important problem in Gansu Province.It is a key factor for the further development of agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry in Gansu Province.So the projects of returning farmland to forest(grassland),protecting natural forest,and controlling desertification are effective ways.