玉米籽粒几个物理性状的遗传与配合力分析

用14份玉米自交系采用7×7不完全双列杂交设计组配的49个F1组合为供试材料，研究了玉米籽粒几个物理性状的遗传规律和配合力效应。结果表明，粒宽和容重主要受加性基因效应影响；千粒重和比重加性效应及非加性效应同等重要；粒长主要受非加性效应影响。同一物理性状在不同自交系间其GCA效应有较大差异，其中自交系5003的粒长GCA效应最高，533粒宽和比重GCA效应均为最高，千粒重和客重GCA效应最高者分别为425和48—2。

Analysis of Inheritance and Combining Ability of Grain Physical Traits in Maize

The inheritance and combining ability effects of kernel physic traits in Maize were studied using 49 F1 combinations derived from 14 maize inbred lines by 7 × 7 incomplete diallel crossing. The results indicated that ： The grain width and volume weight are mainly influenced by additive genetic effect ; 1000-kernels weight and specific gravity by both additive and non-additive effect; while grain length by non-additive effect. There are very different GCA effects with the same physic trait among different inbred lines, in which the highest GCA effect of grain length is inbred 5003 ; and that of both grain width and specific gravity is inbred 533 ; while 1000-kernels weight and volume weight is inbred 425 and 48-2 respectively.