大豆根瘤菌(Bradyrhizobium japonicuum)在黑龙江省接种效果与接种有效性的研究

据1983-1985年在黑龙江省45个县,(市)792个试验点,6种土壤和14个大豆品种的小区试验和大面积试验证明:大豆接种根瘤菌比不接种平均增产11.2%,每公顷增收大豆241.5公斤。5年(1983-1987)累计应用面积已达31.5万公顷。由于大豆接种根瘤菌增加了大豆的结瘤数和根瘤重、植株鲜重和干重、植株含氮量和根瘤固氮酶活性,从而提高大豆产量和籽实蛋白质含量。本文研究了大豆接种根瘤菌的有效性与土著根瘤菌生态分布(以大豆自然结瘤性状C值、接种回收率为指标),大豆品种对根瘤菌的选择性,土壤化学因子(N.P.K.DH.有机质)的相关关系以及与化学肥料(磷酸二铵)、微量元素肥料(钼酸铵),VA菌根真菌的联合增产效应。

STUDY ON EFFECT AND EFFECTIVENESS OF INOCULATING WITH BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

The plot experiments and a large area demoustration with 6 soil types and 14 soybean varieties at 792 trial locations of 45 counties in Heilongjiang province through 3 years (1983-1985) have proved that inoculated soybean with rhizubia increased in yield by average 11.2%,increased soybean 241.5kg/ha, compared with noninoculated one Application area accumulated315,000hectares in5 years (1983-1987), occupied the first place in our country.Because inoculating could increase number and weight of nodule fresh and dry weight of plant, the content of N in plant and nitrogenase activity of nodule, soybean yield and the protein in seed were increased.it was also studied the correlation between the effectiveness of inoculating rhizobia on soybean and the ecological distribution of indigenous rhizohia (the index of natural growth nodules and the rate of inoculation recovery), selectivity of soybean varieties to rhizobia, the associated increase in yield effect of inoculating rhizobia on soybean by combining chemical fertilizer (NH_4)_2HPO_4 trace element fertilizer (NH_4)_2M_0O_4], VA mycorrhiza, and soil chemical factors (N P K organic matter).